National Programme for Information Technology Essay

National Program for Information Technology - Essay Example The NPFiT program is intended to be in ten years and convey key components that are worried about NHS care record administration (National patient Record Spine and Local Service Providers), electronic appointments, electronic transmission of remedies and supporting IT framework and system. The usage of the program will include new innovation and data frameworks are being executed in arranged stages both at national and nearby levels. National Application Service Providers are liable for buying and incorporating IT frameworks normal to all clients broadly though locally, this will be given by Local Service Providers across ten key wellbeing experts in England gathered into three local projects. Their command is to guarantee that the neighborhood frameworks that exist or being placed into utilization go inseparably in fulfilling the national guidelines that will likewise encourage the progression of information broadly and locally.This program has key parts set up to convey the enhance d IT frameworks and administrations that incorporate the national system giving foundation and broadband associations with the NHS to empower persistent data to be shared between associations. Care records administration guarantees each patient will have his individual record effectively available to him and wellbeing experts consequently lessen managerial and clinical blunders. A national focal database †alluded to as Spine †will is the foundation of the task as it has a synopsis of patient records and key information. for example, NHS numbers, segment subtleties, tranquilize sensitivities, prescriptions and noteworthy findings or issues. It will likewise point

Changing and Traditional Venture Capitalists

Question: Talk about the Changing and Traditional Venture Capitalists. Answer: Presentation Web masters in China are moving the point of convergence of gravity in the overall economy and making other worldwide organizations reconsider basic assumptions about the wellspring of advancement drove improvement. A few months after intoxication got culpable as a criminal offense, drivers in China have risen as a more prominent help for road security, bringing about the out of the blue growing, yet unregulated rationale in business venture (Benner, 2015). Known as Didi Chauffeur, the bearer lets customers who own a vehicle demand a driver to drive them. It will most likely be valuable for evening guzzlers of Chinas infamous baijiu alcohol. For example, there was a video of a mother investing excellent energy with her little child in the vehicle as a speeding Didi Chauffeur suitably moved them to their goal. This depicted Didi Chauffeur as a protected and reasonable taxi to any place. Didi Chauffeur is a market-driving auto and taxi - flagging down application gave driver advantage is getting an enormous bit of a million demands every day, just three months after its dispatch. The application enables auto owners to find a certified driver to accompany them around in their own specific vehicle when they are in no condition to drive, for example due to intoxication or intoxication (Bercovici, 2011). The Five Forces of Porter This model of examination assists with clearing up why different businesses can support unmistakable degrees of proficiency. This model was from the outset distributed by Porter. The model is extensively utilized, the world over, to isolate the business structure of a relationship just as its corporate procedure. Watchman saw five certain powers that have an effect in molding each market and industry on the planet. As per Bold (2015), the powers are as every now and again as conceivable used to quantify rivalry force, engaging quality and preferred position of a market or industry. Industry rivalry The importance of this industry is the quantity of contenders in addition to their ability to destabilize an organization. A higher number of contenders, close by the amount of proportionate items and administrations they offer, direct the requirement of an organization. Providers just as clients search for a companys restriction in the event that they can't get a suitable course of action. Ability of New Companies The power of new contestants into its market likewise influences an affiliations imperativeness. The littler the measure of capital notwithstanding examples it takes a contender to enter a market and be an effective contender, the more an affiliation's position might be altogether crippled. Providers impact This propels the business how effectively a provider may conceivably expand the cost of merchandise and ventures. It is affected by the measure of a provider of key parts of a superior than normal or administration, how exceptional such a component is just as the aggregate it might charge a relationship to change from one provider then another. The less the providers and the more an organization relies on a provider, the more incomparability a provider grasps. There are numerous individuals in China who are happy to fill in as low maintenance work, and as a Valet, its not just ready to let them procure some additional money, likewise can fulfill their driving experience. Along these lines, this lessens the providers impact (Botsman, 2010). Clients impact This explicitly manages the limit clients need to drive costs down. What number of purchasers or clients impacts it, just as how noteworthy each customer is notwithstanding the sum it may take a customer to change starting with one organization then onto the next. The littler and impressively increasingly fruitful a client list, the additional control it grasps. Dangers of a Substitute Contender replacements can be utilized set up of a companys items or administrations represent a hazard. For example, in the event that customers rely upon an organization to offer an assistance, which may maybe be supplanted with an alternate mechanical assembly or administration or through playing out the errand really; in this manner, this supplanting is simple with irrelevant application. Generally speaking, a companys quality could be injured (Botsman, Rogers, 2011). Irritation Analysis Irritation examination is an extraordinary interpretive gadget. Adjacent to the association's inward resources and industry parts, there are full-scale budgetary factors that can incredibly influence the execution of an associations approaches, yet the association can't impact these components. This commendable examination procedure is used for evaluation of these four figures association with a business situation. From a general perspective, a PEST examination picks how such factors influence the execution alongside developments of a business finally. It is a significant part of the time utilized as each of encouraged effort through included methodical devices looking like SWOT examination and Porter's Five Forces. Political In years, the Chinese just as the cops are getting increasingly more worried notwithstanding being straight about liquor drivers; along these lines, this energizes valet industrys development. Monetary Many Venture Capital assets are keen on putting resources into a new business like Didi Chauffeur. They do this so as to benefit from the ride-sharing economy in China. Social China, as the third biggest liquor expending nation with first vehicle deals rate on the planet, Valet are impeccably coordinate with current circumstance of the nation. Innovative The essential channels of Didi join its site, application and collaborated online stages, for instance, WeChat. Didi's advancing channels remained indistinguishable, beside basic individual approach to manage drivers of the rule regions, for instance, air terminals and train stations. DIDI Innovation Voyagers just need to start an application by methods for DIDI's portable application; a taxi will get the explorers paying little mind to any place they might be found. DIDI's Taxi Hailing Service, moreover taxis drivers upgrade their pay by extending the amount of their ride and diminishing their time of pausing. Didi is moreover working with taxi associations and the lawmaking body remembering the ultimate objective to refresh the taxi business to give explorers better organization. DIDI's Taxi Hailing Service is the greatest adaptable taxi flagging down stage in China, with more than 1.6 million enrolled cabbies (Cadwalladr, 2016). DIDI Hitch is a social ride sharing organization that was pushed in June 2015. DIDI Hitch matches drivers and explorers who have equivalent courses. It not simply allows the drivers to benefit to pay for their fuel and cost also gives them the odds to make allies with voyagers in the midst of their rides. DIDI Hitch moreover reduces blockage by decreasing the amount of vehicles in the city. DIDI Hitch is the greatest ride sharing stage in China. It is at present offered in excess of 300 urban communities, with 3 million enrolled drivers. It partners explorers with movement needs and chauffeured automobiles that are enrolled on our stage. The private auto organization is as of now offered in excess of 150 urban zones in China, with in excess of 5 million drivers upgrading in excess of 40 million voyagers. To meet various sorts of solicitations, DIDI has developed a game plan of things (Carlson, n. d.). Plan of action Canvas of Online Valet Platforms The structure is designated strategy canvas and fuses nine structure squares, which depict the manner in which the association makes, gets and passes on regard. The mechanical assembly was at first orchestrated at experts managing associations in travel of strategy headway. Strategy canvas suits the inspiration driving the audit for a couple of reasons. To begin with, it is a point by point device, that fuses more structure squares than an enormous part of substitute frameworks and depicts autonomously all the basic segments of the association's activities. This will better grasp the establishments of the sharing economy associations' flourishing and the method of their business. Second, it is an instrument made for the use of experts, which will make the request taking into account it increasingly proper in the business world. Here are the parts of the plan of action: Client Segments This part incorporates the delineation of the various objective packs, which the association is coming to. The cognizance of the right objective gathering of spectators is pertinent, considering the way that the purpose of the association is to make salary by satisfying specific needs of the customers. Note that the articulation customer in this investigation will be equivalent to buyer and will connote the last recipient of a nice or a help. Regard suggestions The key offer consolidates the portrayal of most of the things and administrations that the association offers for the particular customer accumulate. As a matter of fact it needs to depict the benefits of the association offer, which needs to somehow outstand from the offers accessible. Channels This structure piece depicts the association's ways to deal with accomplish its customers and pass on its boosted offers. Ordinarily it consolidates correspondence, movement, and arrangements channels and accept a basic part in making a particular buyer experience. Customer associations Customer relationship may seem, by all accounts, to be a piece of the past segment, anyway here the uneasiness is on the kind of relationship the association works with its customers. In the past square it is progressively about the strategies by which those associations are produced. The extent of the associations changes from individual to automate. Salary streams This part addresses right tasks that bring money, and which customer pieces, things what's more, administrations pass on additional to it. Salary streams can be arranged into one-time and rehashing (Carlson, n. d.). End This paper has b

Ideas For Agricultural Essay Topics

Ideas For Agricultural Essay TopicsAgricultural essay topics are topics that address the various types of farming that you are well acquainted with, as well as what others may not know about your work. These are the topics to consider when creating your essay. Some of these topics may be quite specific to the type of farming you do and the methods that you use to take care of it.Agricultural essay topics should not be vague; they should be specific and precise. As a writer, it is your responsibility to keep this in mind while you are writing. Of course, they should be specific enough to support the information you wish to present, but they should not be too detailed that you cannot write about the topic without losing the point of your essay.Agricultural essay topics can also cover areas of education, community and the nature of farming itself. All of these areas are quite large, so these are the areas to choose from. You should really think about what you want to include. Take some time to write a broad outline of what you want to discuss and then decide what needs to be included in the area of each part.When you are completing the outline of each topic, you should ask yourself a question 'why'. Is there an underlying question 'why?' Why are people interested in farming? Is there a reason why they are interested in farming?The environmental issues that are associated with farming are another interesting subject to consider. There are numerous environmental groups who work to protect the environment, which is why they should be considered in your essay. However, they should not be given more attention than what they really deserve.Finally, agricultural essays are always focused on a particular time period, region or culture. This is a very important point to consider, because it will help you to give a perspective that most people don't have. Most people may not think about what it is like to grow up in a rural area. However, if you can demonstrate the growing pains of farming in the past, you will give an idea of what it was like to live in the past.Education related to agriculture issues is also interesting. Whether you want to discuss your education in school or perhaps your career as a farmer, you will find interesting topics within those subjects. Of course, these topics are quite relevant to people who are in different situations. If you don't feel comfortable discussing your educational history, you might consider something related to your career choices as a farmer.Agricultural essay topics are not all that hard to come by. What is hard to come by are the topics that you find enjoyable to write about and that you feel will speak volumes about the various types of farming that you are well acquainted with. No matter what type of topic you choose, you should be able to find one that speaks to you and your situation.

Child Abuse At Saudi Arabia - 1901 Words

Child abuse started when the humanity began. Every society has number of abusing situations for children. According to Dictionary.com, child abuse is â€Å"mistreatment of a child by a parent or guardian, neglect, beating, and sexual molestation†. In other words, child abuse is treating a child badly emotionally, as well as neglect and physical and sexual treatment. Historical stories and Islamic literature have mentioned a child maltreatment practice that considers as a big risk on children’s lives. Even though child maltreatment was happening in Saudi Arabia, it didn’t have enough evidence. In 1990, Saudi Arabia received the first report about child maltreatment. As a result, in 1996 Saudi Arabia connected with the Organization of the†¦show more content†¦The first step of progress was to establish new legalization to protect children. Also, awareness programs were provided by national media to give more explanation about child maltreatment. In addit ion, there were teams in the hospitals to serve children who were abused (Qayad, Inam, Al Eissa, Al Buhairan, Noor, 2012). The purpose of my topic is to spread awareness among the community, to give useful information for people who do not know enough about child abuse, and to decrease the number of victims from abuse. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to elaborate on child abuse in terms of its definition, history in Saudi Arabia, causes, signs and impact, as well as types of child abuse. Phenomenon and factors of child abuse The World Health Organization (2006) defines child abuse as follows: â€Å"Child abuse or maltreatment refers to the physical and emotional mistreatment, sexual abuse, neglect and negligent treatment of children, as well as to their commercial or other exploitation† (What is the source - ? p.7). There are many factors which cause child abuse. The most important factors of this problem are families, social, and personal causes. The first factor of child abuse is families. Abuse cases usually occur in families who apply some of these states: poverty, lack of education, serious marital problems, unemployment,etc. Tucker and Rodriguez report that unstable and

Laboratory Glassware Quiz

The Good and the Bad of the 1920s - 909 Words

Although the 1920’s is often categorized by widespread prosperity and pleasure, there was no lack of tension. Struggles revealed themselves between those who were beginning to form a new approach to the world, and those who wished to stick to traditional ideals. The rise of consumerism, technological advancements, and conditions in a post-war society all caused America to change in different ways; leading to either support of this change or a desire to preserve the past. As both sides fought to have their way, this strain regarding the role of women, rights of minorities, religious teachings, and the growth of industry manifested itself in a variety of ways, including physical violence and government legislation. With the creation of Fordism came the mass production of a plethora of new technology and goods that were easily accessible to the American public. More patents were issued than any time before, and quickly the country saw its final departure from agriculture, no lon ger being a predominantly rural social. Some viewed the advents of automobiles and appliances and airplanes as fantastic, welcoming them with open arms. â€Å"The Bridge† depicts a new architectural structure with pride and beauty, displaying it in such a way that suggests opportunity (Doc B). After successfully flying across the Atlantic, Charles Lindbergh is hailed as a hero (Doc F). New wares, like cameras and water heaters, represented excellence for Americans and were viewed by some as sources of joyShow MoreRelated1920s Good or Bad?1665 Words   |  7 PagesJuly 15th , 2010 1920s Good Times or Bad Times? For many decades, there were numerous arguments stating whether the â€Å"Roaring 20s† were good times or bad times in Canadian history. Although there were many clear reasons that supported both sides of the argument, I believe that the 1920s were good times. The â€Å"Roaring 20s† were times of economic and social boom. New inventions which are still effective part of our lives in 21st century, growing power of multimedia and entertainment, and modern formRead MoreAdvancements During The Roaring Twenties Essay527 Words   |  3 Pagesprosperity, music, dancing, and happiness. The 1920’s are often referred to as the â€Å"roaring twenties,† but many histories purpose that this is not a correct interpretation of this time period. America may have not been good for the some of the lower class in this time period, but the 1920’s were fantastic for most of the middle and upper class living in urban cities. 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Challenges of Accounting in Global Organizations †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Challenges of Accounting in Global Organizations. Answer: Introduction Accounting is a key concept that has a vast history with several concepts, approaches, practices and other continuous technological interventions. With change in time and increasing amount of dynamicity in the subject of accounting, the complexities and challenges are rising with an instant rate. These challenges are faced by the organisations at the global level and need much emphasized consideration so that accounting functions in the global organisations can be free from such issues. The paper will provide a literature review based on the viewpoints and thoughts of several authors regarding the challenges of accounting and measures by which the same can be overcome. Project Objectives The objective of this literature review is to primarily understand the challenges of accounting in the global organisation and to understand the measures by which the accounting issues in the global organisations can be overcome Project Scope There are enormous challenges of accounting in the global organisations which the companies have to sustain for having more improved productivity and functions. The changes and modifications in the accounting practices are taking place since decades. The scope of the literature is to have a global perspective of the accounting practices in the global organisations. There are several accounting measures which are diverse in all the global countries and when the trade becomes more global and worldwide, the accounting requires highly competent and skilled human resource to manage the global accounting (Akisik, 2013). Literature Review Accounting is one of the most essential parts of the global and contemporary organisations. Through the application of various financial procedures, there can be gathered constructive info for the purpose of decision making. Financial accounting can be understood as an economic management function which helps in monitoring, summarizing and systematically recording the financial transaction of the business organisations (Allen, et al., 2012). The purpose of financial accounting is to offer specific and key information to the external stakeholders that include the government authorities, creditors and the investors so that they can analyze the profitability, growth and financial conditions of the organisation. Global accounting offers new challenges as well as opportunities for the accountants of the organisations. Instead of just making decisions on dividend and capital structure, in the global operations, the accounting aspect also involve the profit repatriation as well as capital s tructuring practices in the organisations and the associate subsidiaries (Bushman, 2014). As per Burns and Needles (2014), the approach of financial accounting has established in 1930s. By having an insight of the past 80 years of history, it has been analyzed that with all the critical progress and growth of financial accounting has several challenges associated with it. With the shared aspects of globalization and accounting there as occurred reporting, disclosures, measurements of the performances, reforms on recognitions, reporting to external parties have appeared as the key financial principle which regulates the measurement and recognition activities in accounting (Burns and Needles, 2014). The key logic of financial accounting is closely linked with its subsequent challenges which the organizations and the executives have to face due to increased globalization. As per the views and studies of Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso (2015), it can be stated that with the continuous development of accounting, there are increased number of challenges that are encountered by the m anagers and the accountants in the globalised business functions (Weygandt, Kimmel and Kieso, 2015). The organisations are paying huge attention on the issues and challenges that occurred in the accounting practices as these challenges are rising rapidly which is ultimately affecting and influencing the organizational performance (Hodges, 2012). In the diverse and extensive literature, Warren, Reeve and Duchac (2013) have highlighted numerous issues related to financial accounting in the global organisation. Issues of diverse accounting standards, technological interventions, incompetent human resource, environmental issues, and multiple-jurisdictional issues and measuring and reporting non-financial indicators are the main challenges impacting the accounting in the global perspective. The first and the key challenge highlighted by the authors are the issues occurring from the economic environment. In present scenario, the traditional accounting is considered as the primary and major stream in few of the countries, that has a consideration with the economic environment (Warren, Reeve and Duchac, 2013). Because of the continuous technological developments, there have been realized vivid improvements of the managerial abilities and the skills to manage those changes in the operations and business functions due to technological innovations. There is a huge impact upon the traditional accounting of e-commerce and digitalized business operations and it creates huge need and requirement for the new and improved accounting models. As a result of this, there is application of e-accounting which are internet-environment in the global companies. The meaning of this type of e-accounting is that internet outside business and intranet. The internet inside business enables the communication as well as information sharing among the customers, trading partners and the global organisations whereas intranet allows the sharing of info and communication among the organisational departments (Schaltegger and Burritt, 2010). And this affects the accounting aspects in a negative manner such as in terms of reporting, measurement and recognition. The innovative and high technologies leave no room for the employees to effectively handle the accounting functions in an effective manner because of the lack of competence and skills to manage the new and high tech accounting techniques and functions (Richardson, 2017). The existing or the old employees are not much capable to work with such new technologies and the imbalance between the competence of employees and innovative accounting techniques results in inefficient and decreased organisational productivity (Gordon, et al., 2013). Multi-jurisdictional reporting is recognized as one of the major challenge in the globalised world as the organisations that have multiple number of subsidiaries or branches encountered numerous challenges in the aspect of reporting in an adequate and accurate manner. In is a challenge for the accounting executives to prepare the financial statements in every nation they have operations but abided by the legal regulations and the accounting principles of that specific nation. All the accounting standards are diverse in nature and vary from nation to nation (Salvato and Moores, 2010). The organisation is also required to report the overall group of firms on a consolidated basis that requires repeating the all overseas reporting into the accounting standards of the home country of the parent company. This is considered as a much complicated as well as extremely time consuming process that decreases the faster completion of the accounting function. Numerous nations have agreed to work a s per the accounting standards of the IASB i.e. International Accounting Standards Board for having increased uniformity in the financial accounting across the board (Zeff, 2012). Most of the countries have agreed to implement these standards by last year but it becomes challenging for the global organisations when those nations have their business operations in those countries tether does not follow these standards and have their specific and separate accounting practices, principles and standards. Another key issue in the financial accounting is the non-financial measures. The non-financial measures are the one which are outside the circle of financial measures and could not be measured or calculated through the set accounting functions or standards. These non-financial measures are of vital significance in the overall success of an organisation. There are various factors that show whether an organisation will achieve success or not in the coming time frame. But out all these factors maximum are non-financial in nature that comprises of aspects such as the employment policies and practices, brand reputation of the organisation, satisfaction level of the customers and many others (Owolabi and Iyoha, 2012). All these measures and aspects are subjective in nature and can be interpreted in a diverse manner which depends upon the users and thus it makes difficult to set the measurement standards (Kieso, Weygandt and Warfield, 2010). It becomes difficult to analyse them with much ef fectiveness due to high level of diversity and inconsistency. And as a result of this, it remained as one of the most challenging factor for the financial accounting in the global companies to measure the impact of these non-financial measures and achieve a specific analysis of the performances of the financial and non-financial measures (Karadag, 2015). One more challenge in accounting emphasized by the researchers is related to the financial instruments as with the increased complexity of the trading aspects, there is upsurge difficulty in the accounting too (Narayanaswamy, 2017). The financial agreements comprise of numerous assets which in reality do not have any physical existence for example the options, forward contracts and the repurchase agreements. All these financial instruments have high complexity and as a result it creates difficulty in their valuation. It makes feasible for the global organisations to manipulate the financial instruments values (Gordon, et al., 2013). The authors have identified that in the past business history there are several cases of manipulation of the values and this has given rise to corporation frauds where the companies have been sued for over-valuing the financial instruments and making false profit (Sharma and Panigrahi, 2013). Instead of trading function, these instruments are majorly the source of making misinterpretations and manipulations in the disclosure of the financial performance of the companies to the general public. Such valuation issue is one of the key challenges which the accounting standards are trying to overcome by reducing the complexity of the financial instruments (Horngren, et al., 2012). These challenges are faced by the organisations at the global level and need much emphasized consideration so that accounting functions in the global organisations can be free from such issues. To overcome the issues and challenges of accounting in the global organisations, there are several practices adopted by the companies. A vast amount of literature and researches of authors have highlighted multiple ways to sustain the challenges of accounting. As per Hopwood, Unerman and Fries (2010), the one of the most recognized way of managing the accounting challenge is adopting and implementing Green Accounting practice. To save the environment from the negative impact, there must be used green accounting which is considered as the environment-caring business (Hopwood, Unerman and Fries, 2010). Some of the developing countries who are still using the traditional accounting practices must implement new technologies (Schlesinger, Libby. and Geiszler, 2013). One more key practice or approac h for managing the issues of global accounting is recruiting and staffing individuals that are techno savvy and have an in-depth knowledge of the new techniques and technological intervention so that they can help in managing the accounting functions in an more efficient manner and also there must be training offered to the existing as well as the new employees in an adequate manner so that they can work effectively with the innovative technology and e-accounting (Taipaleenmki and Ikheimo,2013). The next practice which can help in overcoming the challenges of accounting is taking use of the accounting harmonization (Hancock, et al., 2010). As per this practice, there can be reduced the complexity in financial accounting which is the result of multi-jurisdictional reporting by limiting the differences of the individuals accounting standards and the practices for enhancing the performance of the organisations that are participating in the overseas trades and business operations. The international harmonization in accounting is the key trends across the globe by which the institutes and regulatory bodies and striving hard to adopt similar sort of accounting standards so that the issues related to diversity and complexity can be reduced (Power, 2010). To manage the challenge of non-financial measures of financial accounting, the global organizations can take use of various practices such as by having an analysis of the customer satisfaction scores which will help in analyzing th at whether the customers are satisfied or not from the services offered by the organisations and the employees and if not then this is not negatively impacting the revenues of the organizations. Another way of measuring the non-financial measures includes employee productivity scores, external audit and internal audit and task completion scores (Northcott and Ma'amoraTaulapapa, 2012). From the insights of the literature gather from various academic sources and through the comparative analysis, there has also recognized a research gap that there the solutions or techniques for resolving the accounting issues are more of theoretical rather than practical as with the change in technology, these issues will keep on increasing. And all the organisations are not that much financially sound so that they can implement such techniques to overcome the issues. The literature gathered as well as the researches in the field of accounting in global organisations has a vital contribution in the field of academic such as it offers the concept and advantage of taking use of green accounting and this is one of the vital and significant initiatives for reducing the pollutants that degrade the environment. Another contribution of the literature is that it helps the new entrepreneurs as they can be prior informed about the key issues which can occur in their accounting function. With the knowledge gained from the literature, these businesses or entrepreneurs can prepare them in advance and can frame appropriate strategies to mange such issue (Hopwood, Unerman and Fries, 2010). Other contributions of the literature includes understanding of the concept of accounting harmonization, benefits of e-accounting, the ways in which the organisation can gain competitive benefits through e-accounting approach and Application. Conclusion From the vast literature and the research work of various authors, the report concludes with some of the key challenges that exist in global accounting. Issues of diverse accounting standards, technological interventions, incompetent human resource, environmental issues, and multiple-jurisdictional issues and measuring and reporting non-financial indicators are the main challenges impacting the accounting in the global perspective. It can be concluded that with having a collaboration approach and in-depth analysis of these issue, there can be gained insights to overcome these challenges. From the paper, it is stated that there is a vital role of some of the measures such as non-financial reporting for managing the issues related to challenges in accounting occurred due to non-financial measures. The global organizations can also practice accounting by the means of adopting common standards developed by International Accounting Standards Board. As well as by practicing green accountin g, accounting harmonization and other few measures these challenges can be sustained and there can be efficient financial accounting in the global organisations. References Akisik, O., 2013. Accounting regulation, financial development, and economic growth.Emerging Markets Finance and Trade,49(1), pp.33-67. Allen, F., Qian, J., Zhang, C. and Zhao, M., 2012.China's financial system: opportunities and challenges(No. w17828). National Bureau of Economic Research. Burns, J.O. and Needles, B.E. eds., 2014.Accounting Education for the 21st Century: The global challenges. Elsevier. Bushman, R.M., 2014. Thoughts on financial accounting and the banking industry.Journal of Accounting and Economics,58(2), pp.384-395. Gordon, E.A., Greiner, A., Kohlbeck, M.J., Lin, S. and Skaife, H., 2013. Challenges and opportunities in cross-country accounting research.Accounting Horizons,27(1), pp.141-154. Hancock, P., Howieson, B., Kavanagh, M., Kent, J., Tempone, I. and Segal, N., 2010. Accounting for the future. Hodges, R., 2012. Joined?up government and the challenges to accounting and accountability researchers.Financial Accountability Management,28(1), pp.26-51. Hopwood, A.G., Unerman, J. and Fries, J., 2010.Accounting for sustainability: Practical insights. Earthscan. Horngren, C., Harrison, W., Oliver, S., Best, P., Fraser, D. and Tan, R., 2012.Financial accounting. Pearson Higher Education AU. Karadag, H., 2015. Financial management challenges in small and medium-sized enterprises: A strategic management approach.Emerging Markets Journal,5(1), p.26. Kieso, D.E., Weygandt, J.J. and Warfield, T.D., 2010.Intermediate accounting: IFRS edition(Vol. 2). John Wiley Sons. Narayanaswamy, R., 2017.Financial accounting: a managerial perspective. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. Northcott, D. and Ma'amoraTaulapapa, T., 2012. Using the balanced scorecard to manage performance in public sector organizations: Issues and challenges.International Journal of Public Sector Management,25(3), pp.166-191. Owolabi, A. and Iyoha, F.O., 2012. Adopting international financial reporting standards (IFRS) in Africa: Benefits, prospects and challenges.African Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance,1(1), pp.77-86. Power, M., 2010. Fair value accounting, financial economics and the transformation of reliability.Accounting and Business Research,40(3), pp.197-210. Richardson, A.J., 2017. The Relationship between Management and Financial Accounting as Professions and Technologies of Practice. Salvato, C. and Moores, K., 2010. Research on accounting in family firms: Past accomplishments and future challenges. Schaltegger, S. and Burritt, R.L., 2010. Sustainability accounting for companies: Catchphrase or decision support for business leaders?.Journal of World Business,45(4), pp.375-384. Schlesinger, W., Libby, P. and Geiszler, M., 2013. INTRODUCING SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING INTO THE FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING CURRICULUM.ASBBS Proceedings,20(1), p.405. Sharma, A. and Panigrahi, P.K., 2013. A review of financial accounting fraud detection based on data mining techniques.arXiv preprint arXiv:1309.3944. Taipaleenmki, J. and Ikheimo, S., 2013. On the convergence of management accounting and financial accountingthe role of information technology in accounting change.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,14(4), pp.321-348. Warren, C.S., Reeve, J.M. and Duchac, J., 2013.Financial managerial accounting. Cengage Learning. Weygandt, J.J., Kimmel, P.D. and Kieso, D.E., 2015.Financial Managerial Accounting. John Wiley Sons. Zeff, S.A., 2012. The Evolution of the IASC into the IASB, and the Challenges it Faces.The accounting review,87(3), pp.807-837.

Bromine Element Essays - Chemistry, Matter, Nature,

Bromine Element The element Bromine, is a red liquid which is explosive at room temperature and has a red brown vapour. It has an atomic number of 35 and an atomic mass of 79.909. The melting point of Bromine is -7 deg.C and the boiling point is 58 degC with a relative density of 3.1. Bromine is a volatile dense mobile, that is a reddish brown liquid, which quickly gives a brown toxic valour with a disagreeable irritating odour. It combines directly with most elements although heat or a reactant is often neccessary to start some reactions. Hydrobomic Acid and Hypobromous Acid is a mixture that is formed when Bromine reacts with water. Oxygen is liberated by Bromine when the resulting solution is heated or exposed to strong sunlight. A solution to Bromine in water is called Bromine Water, which is used as a test reagent in organic chemistry to identify unsaturated compounds. Bromine resembles Chlorine in many of its properties, but is less active. Because of its reactivity, Bromine does not exist in the free elemental state in nature, but small quantities are combined in many silver ores. Bromine salts are found in seawater and in the salts deposits in Strassfurt. Compounds of Bromine also occurs in marine animals and plants. Bromine is used in a wide range of industries. It is used in the manufacture of 1,2-DibromoEthane, CH2BrCH2Br, which is used as a petrol additive to prevent lead being deposited in the cylinders. The manufacture of compounds used in photography and the manufacture of dyestuffs and drugs is another use of bromine. Bromine is used in the analytical laboratory in testing for unsaturation in organic compounds, where it adds across the multiple bonds of unsaturated compounds.

Marketing Mix Paper Essays - Marketing, Brand Management, Business

Marketing Mix Paper Essays - Marketing, Brand Management, Business Marketing Mix Paper Marketing Kudler Fine Foods MKT/421 July 8, 2013 Dr. Mark Vitale Marketing Kudler Fine Foods In the current retail food industry there are numerous competitors struggling for the same dollar. It is vital for each business to recognize their target market, recognize their competitors and then put together their marketing plan. The information below will detail Kudler Fine Foods marketing strategies which consist of increasing its services, improving its effectiveness of the business and increase consumer purchase cycle. This paper will also talk about areas where Kudler Fine Foods needs to expand their market research. Kudler fine food is a store that markets fine foods and needs to bring about increasing their goods to the community. Kudler feels by improving the business operations can determine the store increase and effectiveness and the demand of its clientele at a higher quantity of buyers. In taking a look at the demographics and the consumer behavior and who are the major consumers out there, and what do their purchase decisions are. The importance of the marketing research is not only used for the purpose of knowledge, but it is also a critical component needed to make good decisions for the company. It will allow the company to advertise goods and services. A strategic marketing plan by, deciding what the overall objective of your company should be in. Kudler Fine foods are in a very excellent place to stay dominant in the grocery store path and increase their sales quantity by adding more stores in different places. Consumer behavior essentially refers to how and why people make the purchase decisions they do. Marketers strive to understand this behavior so they can better formulate appropriate marketing stimuli that will result in increased sales and brand loyalty. There are a vast number of goods available for purchase, but consumers tend to attribute this volume to the industrial world's massive production capacity. Rather, the giant known as the marketing profession is responsible for the variety of goods on the market. The science of evaluating and influencing consumer behavior is foremost in determining which marketing efforts will be used and when (Reference for Business, 2013). This helps the marking business in making the best decisions and the rights decision for Kudler fine Foods to promote business for the store. Kundler Fine Foods gives the highest quality to it a customer thats why it is so important to continue to give the customers what they need and want. Furthermore by not doing the research how will they evaluate their company and know what the customers should focus on in keeping the customers happy and coming back. From researching Kudlers Fine Foods will give a full description of supply and demand of their goods and make public to the competitors that are in the market of fine foods. Then there are other smaller markets that are comparable such as Sprouts, Trade Joes, and other community markets that can be competitors to Kudler. By researching this it will help to divide in a different class of markets. Differentiation strategy will give the consumer a choice an integrated set of action that the company can designed to produce or deliver goods or services that customers perceive as being different in ways that are important to them. In researching customers needs and what they want gives Kudler Fine Foods an upper quality for competitors. The gross sales for Kudler were over $10 million but when researched their net income was only $700,000 and the reason was of the operating cost. Kudler may not have the resources to launch advertising for the company because problems have occurred because of the lack of experience to the target market. Kudler needs a target market to allow the company to focus on marketing dollars and brand communication on a exact markets that is more likely to buy from than or other markets. This is a much more reasonable and efficient, and successful way to make potential clients and generate business. Kudler chain of stores makes them a distinguished factor in the market. This is why a lack of customers will have a huge affect on the growth of the company because of the decrease of the sales in the company. Research will help

The Lexus and the Olive Tree Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Lexus and the Olive Tree - Essay Example By this, he meant being obsolete and getting phased out. This syndrome led to the loss of productivity economically through wages, productivity, standards of living and competitiveness amongst others. He further expresses globalization by saying one may not know how the globe is revolving unless one understood the new globalization system. The title ‘The Lexus and the olive tree’ is significance in the following ways; The Lexus is a luxurious ultra-modern car and the traditional olive tree is representatives of the current struggle between the effects of the cold war. The inescapable encroaching modernity and the fight by nations to retain their cultural identities without being influenced by the forces of globalization. A Lexus is a luxurious automobile entirely built by a mechanical assembly line whose robotic finishing is used to enhance perfection and quality control mechanisms. The Lexus is an explicit indication of the drive for prosperity. The olive tree is a representation of one’s national culture or identity. The book the ‘Lexus and the Olive tree’ argues that nations are supposed to put emphasis on privatization of their economies as well as adjusting their Government policies to streamline with the global strategies for globalization. The Lexus and the olive tree are elemen ts in the post -cold war period where countries strive on building and developing their economies while other nations are fighting for cultural identity through the cold war. This means that the world is facing two struggles, the urge to grow and prosper symbolic of the Lexus and the feeling to retain cultural traditions and identity symbolized by the olive tree. The balance between following the Lexus as well as the olive tree is quite difficult, and both can’t be adhered to at the same time. Culture and identity conforms one to old age political policies which cannot allow for

Tobacco Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Tobacco - Term Paper Example Many people enjoyed tobacco after introduction in 15th century. However, use of tobacco was seen as a sign of disrespect to the public. Research reveals that tobacco users suffered extremely leading to introduction of warning statements. King James was the victim of tobacco in 1604 and so he was prompted to issue warnings against tobacco use. The first industry of tobacco was started in early 17th century by John Rolf in North America. His industry was boosted by high demand from England. Study reveals that John exported his tobacco products from his firm to England. Approximately two hundred pounds of tobacco were shipped to England by John’s firm due to the demand from tobacco users in England. The demand was increased by high price imposed by Spanish sellers to the people of England (Yeargin, 2008). High competition between John Rolf and Spanish traders forced John to smuggle the sweetest seeds of tobacco from Varina firms and started producing more desirable products. The sweetness of his products led to high demand from England. Later he named his firm Varina farms. Study shows that the farm in still in existence to date despite that it is not growing tobacco anymore (Yeargin, 2008). The high demand of tobacco in England increased the requirement of labor force. African slaves were used as labor force in tobacco farms in early 17th century. Satcher (1998) point out that Jamestown in Virginia was the most profitable tobacco firms due to high demand for tobacco in England and other European countries. Study by the author reveals that the colonies wealth was from tobacco trade in early 17th century. Other cash crops such as cotton were not common but it was later introduced in 1793. The profitability of tobacco led increase in a number of farms in North America and later spread Southern part. Though it was profitable crop, it was later planted with other crops in

Water Scarcity in Egypt

Water Scarcity in Egypt Student Name: Gill Abstract The purpose of this research paper is to find the question about fresh water and analyze the fresh water data. In this text, first I will introduce the situation of fresh water in Egypt, and second is to tell you the methodology. The third and forth steps are Findings and Discussion to discuss the water issues in Egypt. Then I will to sum up all above information to write the conclusion. To discuss the problems and solutions of water resources in country Egypt. And analyze the data of the rainfall in every year in Egypt. 1.0 Introduction The purpose of this research is to find out the problem of fresh water scarcity and analyze the information about fresh water scarcity in Egypt. Fresh water is importance for Egypt because this country is located on desertification region and perennial drought. And about 98% of population lives in the most prosperous place, and they need a large number of fresh water to keep their life. China is also a country with severe water. In China, the ranking of freshwater resources is fourth in the world. However China has lots of population, resulting in the per capita water resources is only a quarter of the world average. And I think the water chemistry that may influence water scarcity is the industrial water. Almost all of the aquatic ecosystems in China are good and have fine environment. And now Chinese are improving the aquatic ecosystems be better. In my opinion, the reasons of lack of water in Egypt are the annual rainfall is less and the local population is more. Resulting in the per capita water consumption is less. 2.0 Methodology The plan for achieving research purpose is to evidence my hypothesis of fresh water in Egypt. The data that I got usually researched from Internet and some of them were got from news. The best is some of them have the example charts and detailed explanation that I can reference to my essay. I researched them by the key words fresh water in Egypt. And those articles needed to have writers, and I could do the detailed notes. Usually news articles are truth and valuable and usable, so they are of good quality for use in an academic report, and make my essay with authenticity. 3.0 Findings The two key fresh water issues in Egypt are annual precipitation is low and the per capita water resources are less. And every Egyptian cannot excessive use of water. Because these two issues involve the natural weather causes and the population causes. The potential solution of fresh water cannot choose the best one, but I think the solution is local government positive to improve the management of water resource and the family planning program. And Egypt government can try their best to control the number of population. In Egypt, people have different kinds of water for agriculture, such as Nile water, groundwater, precipitation and agricultural wastewater. Nile water is the mail water resources for Egypt country. Egypt government can get about 55.5 billion meters of water, and about 86% of this water be used to agricultural irrigation. On the groundwater, every year the Egypt government extraction of groundwater about 4.6 billion meters of water. On the precipitation, every year t he rainfall is about 1.5 billion water, however people cannot use the freshwater over than 50%. Egyptian recycling the agricultural wastewater and through purification the wastewater try to use the water again. But this way is in the test and small area application stage. Table: 4.0 Discussion In paragraph introduction my hypothesis are annual rainfall is less and the local population is more to make freshwater to be less in Egypt. Based on the findings text, I will discuss the water resources management by Egypt government. On the management way, Egypt government did a good demonstration. They implement the unified management on water resources. On the price of water for residential use, different live place has different price of water. For example the price of water in high-income residential area is higher than the price of water in low-income residential area. To try they best to save the water resources and reduce losses. However the price of water on the agricultural irrigation is free. Almost all of the agricultural wastewater that be recycled is used to the agricultural irrigation, and usually the groundwater is used to the drink and agriculture. Integrated all of the information, my argument is scientifically logical. Because my argument is based on the many arti cles, all of them think the reasons have the relationship with population and environment issues. After all, these reasons are not artificial, so that they are hardly solved. 5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation Those evidences that I researched can demonstrate my hypothesis. For example the news data, the data shows Egypt is belong to which climate, and to example why Egypt shortage of water resources. From above text, I got the main reasons for the freshwater shortage in Egypt is population and natural environment. On the solution for fresh water, Egypt government expects recovery the agricultural wastewater and clean is to try to use it again. And they also have another policy for water management. Researchers will detect the quality of the water resources in the fixed time. Resulting in they make the best plan for rational use of water resources. In addition, those scientists are going to expand study on save agricultural irrigation water technology. Thought check the local ecosystem, those scientists try to find the most suitable crop that can live in this harsh environment. Reference List 2014,Egypt:water resources from Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia [Online] Available from: http://globserver.cn/node/37005 [Accessed 28 December 2016] Amir Dakkak (2016), Egypts Water Crisis Recipe for Disaster [Online] Available from: http://www.ecomena.org/egypt-water/[Accessed 28 December 2016] Water resources management and policies for Egypt [Online] Available from: http://www.bvsde.paho.org/bvsacd/cd29/policies.pdf [Accessed 28 December 2016] Â   Â   Â  

Children of Heroes by Lyonel Trouillot Essay -- Literary Analysis

In today’s society, one’s gender is not necessarily a depiction of one’s sex, therefore performing one’s desired gender is highly pivotal. The idea of â€Å"performing† is very compelling since one has to routinely execute a series of acts designated to define a woman or a man. Interestingly and clearly enough, the â€Å"acts† attributed to identify a woman and her womanhood varies from those acts that identify a man and his manhood. Presently, men are always expected to perform and confirm their masculinity. Men seeking to prove themselves are sometimes forced to act on the expense of others and their feelings. Other men find the need to simply control others to again, demonstrate to society their manhood. In a novel titled Children of Heroes by Lyonel Trouillot, violent behaviors are significantly present, forcing some characters to be submissive and repressed all while the aggressor acts on emphasizing his position in the dominant gender group. Trouillot tells the story of a Haitian family and their troubles with the head of the household named Corazà ³n. Due to his own exposure to abuse and demasculination, Corazà ³n, by nature, desperately felt that as man he had to somehow reestablish his own masculinity by exerting violence against his wife and children. Corazà ³n’s relationship with his boss and with his mother Mam Yvonne, plus his lack of achieving his dreams, became the roots of Corazà ³n’s desperation. His wife Josà ©phine and his son Colin are characters Corazà ³n uses to be able to perform, enhance and redeem his masculinity. As a young boy Corazà ³n had big dreams of becoming a boxer, fighting opponents and reaching fame. However, â€Å"his father who had preferred to die as not to help him live his dream,† (Trouillot 144) and ... ...ough his personal shame. Corazà ³n did not display feelings or pity towards Josà ©phine or Colin simply because they were â€Å"weak† in his perspective, making them the perfect victims. These victims elevated Corazà ³n’s self-esteem, reinforced his control and power, and finally made him feel manly all over again. Works Cited Trouillot, Lyonel, and Linda Coverdale. Children of Heroes. Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 2008. Print. Schrock, Douglas, and Michael Schwalbe. "Men, Masculinity, and Manhood Acts." Annual Review of Sociology (2009): 284. Academic Search Complete. Web. 08 Dec. 2010. .

A Guide to Classical Management Theory Essay

The classical management theory is a school of management thought in which theorists delved into how to find the best possible way for workers to perform their tasks. The classical management theory is divided into two branches, the classical scientific and the classical administrative. The classical scientific branch comes from the scientific mindset of attempting to increase productivity. During the height of the classical scientific theory, theorists would use almost mechanical methods towards labor and organization to achieve goals of productivity and efficiency. Some of the basic techniques of the classical scientific theory include creating standardized methods for a task and dividing work between employees equally. On the other hand, the classical administrative theory focuses on how management can be organized to achieve productivity. Henri Fayol, a leading figure in management theory, devised several management theories geared towards efficiency, such as creating a unified direction among managers, centralization, and discipline. Other management theories focused on building team confidence, such as establishing teamwork, using initiative, and equity. Strengths of Classical Management Theory Current management organization and structure can find much of its roots from the classical management theory. One of the main advantages of the classical management theory was to devise a methodology for how management should operate. Management principles devised during this period can be seen as a foundation for current management behavior today, such as serving as a force of authority and responsibility. In addition, another benefit of the classical management theory is the focus on division of labor. By dividing labor, tasks could be completed more quickly and efficiently, thus allowing productivity to increase. Division of labor can be seen in many applications today, ranging from fast food restaurants to large production facilities. In addition, the classical management theory also gave rise to an autocratic leadership style, allowing employees to take direction and command from their managers. Flaws of Classical Management Theory The main weakness of the classical management theory arose from its tough, rigid structure. One of the main principles of the classical management theory is to increase productivity and efficiency; however, achieving these goals often came at the expense of creativity and human relations. Oftentimes, employers and theorists would focus on scientific, almost mechanical ways of increasing productivity. For example, managers would use assembly line methods and project management theories that focused on efficient division of tasks. However, employers ignored the relational aspect in employees, in the process of trying to predict and control human behavior. In fact, the human relations movement arose in response to the classical management theory, as a way to understand the role of human motivation in productivity. Additional flaws of the classical management theory include a heavy reliance on prior experience. The theorists of this time only tested their assumptions with certain industries, such as manufacturing and other high production companies. However, in today’s environment, the rigid structure of classical management theory would not translate well in most companies. Many businesses realize the importance of improving employee motivation and behavior, and implement departments devoted solely to improving human relations. Advantages and Benefits of the Classical Management Theory by Julianne Russ, Demand Media Classical management theory was introduced in the late 19th century. It became widespread in the first half of the 20th century, as organizations tried to address issues of industrial management, including specialization, efficiency, higher quality, cost reduction and management-worker relationships. While other management theories have evolved since then, classical management approaches are still used today by many small-business owners to build their companies and to succeed. Ads by Google Study in Australia Diploma Courses in TCWA, Perth. Business & Management. Apply Now tcwa.net.au Hierarchical Structure One of the advantages of the classical management structure is a clear organizational hierarchy with three distinct management levels. Each management group has its own objectives and responsibilities. The top management is usually the board of directors or the chief executives who are responsible for the long-term goals of the organization. Middle management oversees the supervisors, setting department goals according to the approved budget. At the lowest level are the supervisors who oversee day-to-day activities, address employee issues and provide employee training. The levels of leadership and responsibilities are clear and well defined. While the three-level structure may not be suitable for all small businesses, it can benefit those that are expanding. Division of Labor One of the advantages of classical management approach is the division of labor. Projects are broken down into smaller tasks that are easy to complete. Employees’ responsibilities and expectations are clearly defined. This approach allows workers to narrow their field of expertise and to specialize in one area. The division of labor approach leads to increased productivity and higher efficiency, as workers are not expected to multitask. Small-businesses owners can benefit from taking this approach if they are looking to increase production with minimal expense. Monetary Incentive According to classical management theory, employees should be motivated by monetary rewards. In other words, they will work harder and become more productive if they have an incentive to look forward to. This gives management easier control over the workforce. Employees feel appreciated when being rewarded for hard work. A small-business owner can take this approach to motivate the employees to achieve production goals. Autocratic Leadership The autocratic leadership approach is the central part of classical management theory. It states that an organization should have a single leader to make decisions, to organize and direct the employees. All decisions are made at the top level and communicated down. The autocratic leadership approach is beneficial in instances when small-business decisions need to be made quickly by a leader, without having to consult with a large group of people, such a board of directors. Small businesses, especially sole proprietorships, can have an advantage in taking this approach, as they need a strong leader to grow. Sponsored Links Classical Management Theory Early Management Theories Early Theories of Organizations emerged mainly for military and Catholic Church. The metaphor of the machine was dominant, where organizations are viewed as machines. Therefore, the organizational application was, since workers behave predictably (as machines do rarely deviate from the norm), management knows what to expect, and workers operating outside expectations are replaced. Classical Management Theories There are three well-established theories of classical management: Taylor?s Theory of Scientific Management, Fayol?s Administrative Theory, Weber?s Theory of Bureaucracy. Although these schools, or theories, developed historical sequence, later ideas have not replaced earlier ones. Instead, each new school has tended to complement or coexist with previous ones. Taylor?s Theory of Scientific Management, U.S.Aï â‚¬ Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) ?The Father of Scientific Management?. Scientific Management theory arose from the need to increase productivity in the U.S.A. especially, where skilled labor was in short supply at the beginning of the twentieth century. The only way to expand productivity was to raise the efficiency of workers. Taylor devised four principles for scientific management theory, which were: 1. The development of a true science of management, 2. The scientific selection and training of workers, 3. Proper remuneration for fast and high-quality work 1. Small Business > 2. Managing Employees > 3. Managers Advantages and Benefits of the Classical Management Theory by Julianne Russ, Demand Media Classical management theory was introduced in the late 19th century. It became widespread in the first half of the 20th century, as organizations tried to address issues of industrial management, including specialization, efficiency, higher quality, cost reduction and management-worker relationships. While other management theories have evolved since then, classical management approaches are still used today by many small-business owners to build their companies and to succeed. Ads by Google Racing Boats Suppliers Find Quality Products from Verified Suppliers. Get a Live Quote Now! www.Alibaba.com Hierarchical Structure One of the advantages of the classical management structure is a clear organizational hierarchy with three distinct management levels. Each management group has its own objectives and responsibilities. The top management is usually the board of directors or the chief executives who are responsible for the long-term goals of the organization. Middle management oversees the supervisors, setting department goals according to the approved budget. At the lowest level are the supervisors who oversee day-to-day activities, address employee issues and provide employee training. The levels of leadership and responsibilities are clear and well defined. While the three-level structure may not be suitable for all small businesses, it can benefit those that are expanding. Division of Labor One of the advantages of classical management approach is the division of labor. Projects are broken down into smaller tasks that are easy to complete. Employees’ responsibilities and expectations are clearly defined. This approach allows workers to narrow their field of expertise and to specialize in one area. The division of labor approach leads to increased productivity and higher efficiency, as workers are not expected to multitask. Small-businesses owners can benefit from taking this approach if they are looking to increase production with minimal expense. Monetary Incentive According to classical management theory, employees should be motivated by monetary rewards. In other words, they will work harder and become more productive if they have an incentive to look forward to. This gives management easier control over the workforce. Employees feel appreciated when being rewarded for hard work. A small-business owner can take this approach to motivate the employees to achieve production goals. Autocratic Leadership The autocratic leadership approach is the central part of classical management theory. It states that an organization should have a single leader to make decisions, to organize and direct the employees. All decisions are made at the top level and communicated down. The autocratic leadership approach is beneficial in instances when small-business decisions need to be made quickly by a leader, without having to consult with a large group of people, such a board of directors. Small businesses, especially sole proprietorships, can have an advantage in taking this approach, as they need a strong leader to grow. Sponsored Links

Discover the Windward and Leeward Islands

The Windward Islands, the Leeward Islands, and the Leeward Antilles are part of the  Lesser Antilles  in the Caribbean Sea. These island groups include many of the most popular tourist destinations in the West Indies. This collection of islands is diverse in terrain and culture. Most are very small and the tiniest islands remain uninhabited. Among the major islands in this area, a number of them are independent countries while in some instances two islands may be governed as a single country. Quite a few remain as territories of larger countries like the United States, United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands. What Are the Windward Islands? The Windward Islands include the  southeastern islands of the Caribbean.  Theyre called the Windward Islands because they are exposed to the wind (windward) of the northeast trade winds (the northeasterlies) from the Atlantic Ocean. Within the Windward Islands is a chain that includes many of the smaller islands in this group. This is often called the Windward Chain and here they are listed from north to south. Dominica: The northernmost island,  the British government  held this territory until 1978 and considered it part of the Leeward Islands. It is now an independent country and most often thought to be in the Windward Islands.Martinique  (France)Saint Lucia  Saint Vincent and  The GrenadinesGrenada  Ã‚   Just a little farther to the east are the following islands. Barbados is more to the north, nearer  St. Lucia, while Trinidad and Tobago are to the south near the coast of Venezuela. BarbadosTrinidad and Tobago What Are the Leeward Islands? Between the islands of the Greater Antilles and those of the Windward Islands are the Leeward Islands. Mostly small islands, they are called the Leeward Islands because they are away from the wind (lee). The Virgin Islands Just off the coast of Puerto Rico are the Virgin Islands and this is the northernmost part of the Leeward Islands. The  northern set of islands are territories of the United Kingdom and the southern set are territories of the United States. Outside of the Bahamas and Jamaica, the Virgin Islands are among the most popular tourist destinations in the Caribbean.St. Croix is the largest of the Virgin Islands.Though considered part of the Lesser Antilles, from a purely geological standpoint, the Virgin Islands are actually part of the Greater Antilles. British Virgin Islands There are over 50 small islands in the British Virgin Islands territory, though only 15 are inhabited. The following are the largest islands. TortolaVirgin Gorda  AnegadaJost Van Dyke U.S. Virgin Islands Also made up of around 50 small islands, the U.S. Virgin Islands are a small unincorporated territory. These are the largest islands listed by size. St. CroixSt. ThomasSt. John   More Islands of the Leeward Islands As you might expect, there are many tiny islands in this area of the Caribbean and only the largest are inhabited.  Working south from the Virgin Islands, here are the rest of the Leeward Islands, many of which are territories of larger countries. Anguilla  (U.K.)Saint Maarten - the Netherlands controls the southern third of the island. The northern two-thirds are controlled by France and called  Saint Martin.Saint-Barthà ©lemy  (France)Saba  (the Netherlands)Sint Eustatius  (the Netherlands - in English Saint Eustatius)Saint Kitts and  NevisAntigua and Barbuda (Redonda  is an uninhabited dependent island.)Montserrat  (U.K.)Guadeloupe  (France) What Are the Leeward Antilles? To the west of the Windward Islands is a stretch of islands known as the Leeward Antilles. These are farther apart from each other than the islands of the other two groups. It  includes more of the  popular destination Caribbean islands and runs along the Venezuelan coast. From west to east, the major  islands of the Leeward Antilles include the following and, collectively, the first three are known as the ABC islands. Aruba (Netherlands)Curaà §ao  (Netherlands)Bonaire  (Netherlands)Isla de Margarita (Venezuela) Venezuela has a number of other islands within the Leeward Antilles. Many, like the Isla de Tortuga, are uninhabited.